Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease

Back to: Oral Pathology Mnemonics

Cause:

o Caused by Coxsackie virus (A16 mainly)

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Features

o Affects children

Transmission:

o Highly contagious, by airborne and oro-fecal routes.

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Coxsackie Virus

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Herpangina

Course Syllabus

Downloadable PDF version (notes)
- Downloadable PDF version of Oral Pathology Mnemonics Online Course.
Developmental Defects of the tongue
- Microglossia
- Macroglossia
- Bonus: Cretinism is Congenital Hypothyroidism
- Bonus (Acromegaly and Gigantisim)
- Lingual Thyroid Nodule – Epidemiology: More common in females. Apparent during puberty and adolescence.
Developmental Defects of the Jaws
- Macrognathia
- Hemifacial Hypertrophy
- Hemifacial Atrophy
- Craniofacial Dysostosis (Crouzen’s Syndrome)
- Cleido-Cranial Dysplasia (CCD)
Developmental Alterations in The Number of Teeth
- Supernumerary teeth- Causes: Gardner Syndrome, Angio-osteohypertrophy, Curtis
Developmental Alterations in The Shape of Teeth
- Gemination
- Concrescence
- Dens Invaginatus (Dens in Dente)- Mostly Affects
- Enamel Pearls
- Cervical Enamel Extension
Developmental Alterations in The Structure of Teeth
- Erosion: Spoon-shaped Depression
- Hypoplastic Amelogenesis Imperfecta
- Hypomaturation Amelogenesis Imperfecta
- Hypomaturation and Hypoplastic Amelogenesis Imperfecta
- Genes Associated with Ameologenesis Imperfecta
- Dentin Dysplasia
- Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
Environmental Alterations of Teeth
- Turner’s Hypoplasia
- Intrinsic Staining- Ciprofloxacin
Inflammatory Diseases of Bone
- Alveolar Osteitis (Dry Socket)
- Focal Sclerosing (condensing) Osteitis
- Acute Suppurative Osteomyelitis
- Diffuse Sclerosing Osteomyelitis
- Chronic Osteomyelitis with Proliferative Periostitis
- Osteochemonecrosis
- Bonus- Acute Suppurative Osteomyelitis
Metabolic Bone Conditions
- Paget’s Disease of Bone with Mnemonics
- Central Giant Cell Granuloma (CGC Granuloma – CGCG)
- Osteopetrosis
- Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Benign Fibro-osseous Lesions
- Periapical Cemento-osseous Dysplasia (PCOD)
- Florid Cemento-osseous Dysplasia
- Fibrous Dysplasia (FD)
- Monostotic Fibrous Dysplasia of the Jaws
- Cherubism
Non-odontogenic Tumors of Bone
- Osteoma + Gardner’s Syndrome
- Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma
- Haemangioma of Bone
- Osteosarcoma
- Chondroma & Chondrosarcoma
- Multiple Myeloma
- Bonus: Primary Benign Non-odontogenic Tumors of Bone
Diseases of Bone
- Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
- Hand-Schuller-Christian Syndrome -Langerhan’s Cell Histiocytosis
- Ewing’s Sarcoma
- Metastatic Tumors
Cysts of the Oral Region
- Histiogenic classification of Odontogenic Cysts
Odontogenic Cysts
- Radicular Cyst
- Eruption Cyst
- Dentigerous Cyst + Differentiating between Eruption Cyst and Dentigerous Cysts
- Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC)
- Lateral Periodontal Cyst
- Glandular Odontogenic Cyst
Non-epithelial Primary Bone Cyst (Pseudocysts)
- Solitary Bone Cyst
- Aneurysmal Bone Cyst (ABC)
Odontogenic Tumors
- Ameloblastoma
- Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor (AOT)
- Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor (CEOT)
- Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst/Tumor
- Squamous Odontogenic Tumor
- Ameloblastic Fibroma
- Odontogenic Myxoma
Verrucal & Papillary Lesions
- Squamous Papilloma
- Condylomata Lata
- Focal epithelial Hyperplasia
- Pyostomatitis Vegetans
- Verruciform Xanthoma
- Verruca Vulgaris
Reactive Hyperplastic Fibrous Tissue Lesions
- Giant Cell Fibroma
- Epulis Fissuratum
- Pyogenic Granuloma
- Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma
Neoplastic Fibrous Tissue Lesions
- Fibrous Histiocytoma
- Fibromatosis
Adipose Tissue Lesions
- Lipoma
Neural Tissue Lesions
- Neurilemoma
- Neurofibroma
- Neurofibromatosis Type I (von Recklinghausen’s Disease)
- Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN)
- Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy
Vascular Lesions
- Cavernous Lymphangioma
Soft Tissue Sarcoma
- Fibrosarcoma
- Liposarcoma
- Angiosarcoma
- Kaposi’s Sarcoma
Reactive Lymphoid Lesions
- Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia (ALHE)
Neoplastic Lymphoid Lesions
- Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
- Burkitt’s Lymphoma
- Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
- Granulocytic Sarcoma (Extra Medullary Myeloid Tumor)
Benign Salivary Gland Tumors
- Origins of Benign Salivary Gland Tumors
- Pleomorphic Adenoma
- Warthin’s Tumor
Oral Pigmented lesions -Syndrome Associated Pigmentation
- Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
- McCune-Albright Disease
Drug-induced Pigmentation
- Drug-induced Pigmented Lesions
Oral Pigmented lesions- Increased Number of Melanocytes
- Oral Malignant Melanoma
Oral Pigmented Lesions – Red and Blue Lesions
- Sturge-Weber Syndrome
- Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangectasia
Hereditary White lesions
- Leukoedema
- White Sponge Nevus
Infectious White Lesions
- Oral Hairy Leukplakia is associated with Epstein-Barr Virus, white patches, koilocyte-like cells
Immune Mediated White Lesions
- Oral Lichen Planus
- Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
- Systemic Lupus Erythmatosus
Oral Neoplasia and Pre-neoplasia
- Premalignant/ Potentially Malignant Lesions
Premalignant Conditions
- List of Premalignant Conditions
- Conditions/Lesions Caused by Alcohol & Tobacco
- Paterson-Kelly Syndrome: Causes and Features
- Leukoplakia
Treatment of Oral Cancer- Radiation
- Radiation dose- how many weeks + days/week + fractions/day.
Viral Infections | Vesiculo-bullous Disorders
- Herpes Simplex Virus-1
- Herpes Simplex Virus-2
- Varicella-Zoster
- Coxsackie Virus
- Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease
- Herpangina
- Measles Virus
Immune-mediated VB Disorders
- Pemphigus
- Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid
- Bullous Pemphigoid
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